Drill



Sept. 3, 1929.

,. D. H. MOKAY DRILL Original Filed April 23, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 4 M Zlnventot' anon n4 Y DRILL Original Filed April 25, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gnwwtoo Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES laziest PATENT OFFICE.

DONALD H. MGKAY, OF ORANGE, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO THEODOR AHLBORN AND ONE-FOURTH TO JAMES H. SHIVELY, BOTH OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.

DRILL.

Application filed April 23, 1928, Serial No. 104,003. Renewed May 10, 1929.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a drill.

()ne object of the inventionis to provide a drill of the percussion type embodying a barrel and a reciprocating bit associated therewith and including means for alternatively lifting; the bit, by fluid pressure, and releasing the same to the influence of gravity, whereby the bit is successively driven against the material at the bottom of the bore, as drilling; progresses.

Another object of the invention is to provide a drill of the character described equipped with means for locking the drill bit with the drill stem and thus converting the drill from a percussion type drill to a drill of the rotary type.

A further feature of the invention is to provide a drill of the character described which is of very simple construction, may be cheaply produced and which is very efficient in operation.

With the above and other objects in view this invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction, operation and arrangement of parts, an example of which is given in thisspecificatmnand illustrated in the accompanying drawlngs, wherein Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional v1ew ofthe upper end of the barrel and associated parts. I

Figure 2 shows a vertical sectional view or the lower end thereof. 1

Figure?) shows a side view of the drill bit and collar. t

Figure l shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 4- 1 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 1, and

Figure 6 shows a cross sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 2.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, wherein like numerals of reference designate similar parts 111 each of the ngures, the numeral 1 designates a tubular barrel, in the present instance, forming the bottom section of the ordinary drill stem, or drill pipe. v

Threaded into the upper end of the barrel, there is an anchor ring 2 whose under side i has an annular groove 3 and a cylinder l has its upper end seated in this groove and its lower end threaded into the inside annular rib 5 on the inside of said barrel, thus spacing the cylinder from the barrel all the way around. Threaded into the upper end of the cylinder 4 there is a head plate 6 form ing a partition therein and above said partition, the cylinder has the inlet ports 7. There is a plunger 8 in the cylinder and beneath this plunger the cylinder has the inlet ports 9, said inlet ports connectin g the interior of the cylinder with the space 10 around said cylinder.

There is a tubular plungerrod 11 connected to theplunger8 and extending downwardl through the barrel. Spaced beneath the end of the cylinder 4: the barrel has an internal annular rib 12, forming the shoulder 13 and carrying a stuffing box 14 through which the rod 11 works. i

The lower end of the barrel is threaded into the upper end of the female joint member 15., whose upper end has a deep internally threaded socket 16,provided with left hand threads and in this socket there is threaded the nut 17, which normally is screwed home, abutting the bottom of thesocket. The rod 11 works through this nut and is provided with the lengthwise keyways 18 in which the keys 19, formed integrally with said nut work to prevent the nut from turning relative to said rod 11. The plunger rod 11 also works through a central bearing in the female joint member and to its lower end the male joint member 20 is attached. A drill bit 21 of any preferred type may be connected to the joint member 20.

The upper end of the plunger rod 11 has the inlet ports 22 and surrounding said end is a rotatable sleeve 23, which is retained between the plunger and the collar 24, fixed on said rod. The sleeve 23 has the ports 25 adapted to'be brought into and out of registration with the rod ports 22.

The lower end of the sleeve 23 has the spaced studs 26, 26, and a shift lever 27 is pivoted to said rod 11 and its upper end works between said studs. The lower end of the lever 27 has the oppositely disposed arms 28, 29, which diverge downwardly and the free end of the arm 29 is inwardly turned and forms a beveled or sloping contact finger 30.

In operation fluid under pressure is forced by a pump at the ground surface, downwardly through the drill stem and through ports 7 and 9 beneath the plunger 8 and this fluid forces the plunger upwardly until the arm 28 strikes the lower end of the cylinder 4 and of the bit.

is thrown around, operating through the lever 2'? to rotate the sleeve 23, thus bringing the ports 25 into registration with the ports 22. The fluid pressure beneath the plunger is thereby immediately relieved and the bit 21 immediately drops and strikes the bottom of the bore. A coil spring 31 is seated on the nut 1'? and spaced above it, on the rod 11, there is a lined collar 32 which strikes said spring, at the end of the downward stroke This collar 32 strikes the spring 31 before the plunger 8 reaches the lower end of the cylinder 4t, thereby serving to retain the plunger in said cylinder, the spring serving to minimize the shock incident to the sudden dropping of the bit.

The fluid meanwhile passes on down through the rod 11 and on down through the bit and serves to flush out the bottom of the here.

As the bit drops the sloping finger 30, strikes the shoulder 13 and throws the lower end of the lever 27 over in the other direction, and this operates to turn the sleeve 23 to bring the ports 25 thereof out of regis ation with the ports 22 and fluid pressure again immediately accumulates in the cylinder and lifts the plunger and bit until the arm 28 again strikes the lower end of the cylinder 4, and

again throws the lever 2'7 to rotate the sleeve 23 and register the ports 25 and 22 whereupon the bit will again be permitted to drop. This operation of the bit will continue as long as pressure fluid is supplied to operate the same and the bottom of the bore will be gradually disintegrated by the successive blows of the bit and washed away by the water supplied thereto, as explained.

It sometimes becomes desirable to rotate the bit and in order to do this it is necessary to lock the bit rigidly with the drill stem. The upper end of the joint member 20 has a tapering pin 33 adapted to lit into the tapering boX 34 of the joint member 15. The pin 33 has helical rib 35 adapted to seat in a corresponding groove 36 in the box 34 to interlock said members and together. In order to accomplish this interlocking of said members, however, the drill stem and barrel 1 must be first turned backwardly, or to the left, and, the nut 17, being held against rotation by the rod 11 will thereby be run up in the socket 16. This will permit the drill stem and barrel to be then turned to the right relative to and independent of the plunger rod 11 and the joint member 20 carried thereby. The drill stem is then lowered and turned to the right and the rib is thereby screwed into the groove 36 and simultaneously the nut 17 is run down to the bottom of the socket 16 and the bit and drill stem are thereby locked in operative relation and drilling may be continued by the rotation of the bit in the well known manner. It is also desirable to interlock the bit with the drill stem, in the manner above described, when the tool is to be withdrawn from the bore so that the rod 11 Wlll not become bent or broken in the process of withdrawal.

What I claim is 1. A drill adapted to be connected to a drill stem and including a barrel, a cylinder therein, a plunger in the cylinder, a drilling tool connected to and depending from the plunger, said drill having a channel through which fluid under pressure may be admitted from said stem into said cylinder beneath the plunger, said bit also having a fluid channel through which said fluid may be relieved from said cylinder and means for alternately opening and closing said relief channel, said means comprising a rotary sleeve and a de vice for rotating the sleeve to block and unblock the relief channel.

2. A drill including a. barrel, a cylinder therein, a plunger in the cylinder, a drilling tool connected to and depending from the plunger, said drill having a reciprocable channel for admitting fluid, under pressure, into the cylinder beneath the plunger, said drill also having a relief channel leading out from said cylinder, means for alternately opening and closing said relief channel, said means including a rotary sleeve valve and a device for oscillating the valve as the tool reciprocates.

3. In a drilling device, a cylinder, a plunger therein, a tubular rod attached to and depending from the plunger, a drilling tool carried by said rod, said device having a channel through which fluid, under pressure, may be admitted into said cylinder, beneath the plunger, said rod having a port, a rotary sleeve around said rod, and having a port adapted to be brought into and out of registration with the rod port and means for alternatively bringing said ports into and out of registration.

4. In a drilling device, a cylinder, a plunger therein, a tubular rod, connected to the plunger and having a port for the inlet of fluid from said cylinder into the rod, a drill.- ing tool attached to said rod, said device having a fluid channel for the inlet of fluid, under pressure, into the cylinder, beneath the plunger and means for alternately opening and closing said port, said means including a sleeve around said rod having a port, and a device for oscillating said valve to bring said ports into and out of registration.

5. In a drilling device, a cylinder, a reciprocating plunger therein, a rod connected to the plunger and having a fluid channel therethrough, and a port through which said channel communicates with the interior of the cylinder, a drilling tool attached to said rod, said device having afluid channel for the inlet of fluid, under pressure into the cylinder, on one side of the plunger and means for alternately opening and closing said port, as

the plunger reciprocates, said means including a sleeve valve around said rod, and means for oscillating said valve.

6. The combination with a drill stem, whose lower end is formed into the barrel of a cylinder within and spaced from the barrel and whose ends are anchored to the barrel forming a fluid circulating space between the barrel and cylinder, a partition in said barrel, said barrel being provided with an upper and a lower port, above and beneath said partition respectively, a piston in the cylinder above said lower port, a tubular rod connected to the piston and extending downwardly through the barrel, a stuffing box in the barrel beneath the cylinder through which said rod works, the upper end of the said rod being provided with a port, a sleeve on said rod provided with a port adapted to be brought into and out of registration with the rod port, means for rotating said sleeve to register its port with the rod port when the piston is elevated, and to carry said ports out of registration when the piston is lowered.

7. The combination with a drill stem, whose lower end is formed into the barrel of a cylinder within and spaced from the barrel and whose ends are anchored to the barrel forming a fluid circulating space between the barrel and cylinder, a partition in J said barrel, said barrel being provided with an upper and a lower port, above and beneath said partition respectively, a piston in the cylinder above said lower port, a tubular rod connected to the piston and extending downwardly through the barrel, a stuffing box in the barrel beneath the cylinder through which said rod works the upper end of the said rod being provided with a port, a sleeve on said rod provided with a port adapted to be brought into and out of registration with the rod port, means for rotating said sleeve to register its port with the rod port when the piston is elevated, and to carry said ports out of registration when the piston is lowered, and a drilling tool attached to the lower end of said rod.

8. In a drilling device a cylinder, a plunger therein, a tubular rod attached to and depending from the plunger, a drilling tool carried by said rod, said device having a channel through which fluid under pressure may be admitted into said cylinder beneath the plunger, said rod having a port, an oscillatory valve associated with said rod and effective to open and close said port and to thereby open and close said channel and means for oscillating said valve into open position, when the plunger is elevated, and int?i closed position when the plunger is lowere In testimony whereof I have signed my name.

DONALD H. MoKAY. 

